LPIC 103-2 Process text streams using filters

Содержание:

cat — concatenates files and print on the standard output;

cat 1.txt 2.txt > 3.txt

cut — removes sections from each line of files;

cut -c 2,3,4,10 1.txt

expand — converts tabs to spaces;

unexpand — convert spaces to tabs;

fmt — simple optimal text formatter;

ex.: fmt -w 10 1.txt — wraps word by 10 symbols length;

head — outputs the first part of files (-n n-lines);

tail — output the last part of files;

tail -n 100; tail -f;

join — joins lines of two files on a common field (works like DB join);

less — stream viewer;

nl — numbers lines of files;

od — dumps files in octal and other formats;

paste — merges lines of files by row;

pr — converts text files for printing;

sed — stream editor for filtering and transforming text;

sed -e 's/changed/new/' 1.txt — change changed to new.

sort — sorts lines of text files;

split — splits a file into pieces;

split -l 2 1.txt;

tr — translates or deletes characters;

echo Hello | tr -t a-z A-Z returns HELLO;

uniq — reports or omit repeated lines;

wc — print newline, word, and byte counts for each file.